Septic vs. Sewer Systems: How Do You Know What You Have?

Drainage systems are key features of residential and commercial properties. They protect water quality by disposing of and filtering sewage and wastewater, removing harmful bacteria and viruses and protecting environmental health in the process. However, many new homeowners are unaware of the type of system their property uses.

Identifying the type of drainage system you're connected to is crucial for effective maintenance and preventing potential issues. We'll start by going over the differences between septic and sewer systems so you can understand your system's needs and functioning.

What Is a Septic System?

A septic tank is part of an on-site drainage system that transports wastewater to an underground tank, where it's treated and distributed back into the soil. Septic systems break down your property's wastewater using bacteria and enzymes. After the solids are separated, the treated liquid resettles into the ground through perforated pipes.

Septic systems are common in rural areas and are independent of the city. They need to be pumped regularly to dispose of solids and sludge. Every three to five years is typical, but needs can vary based on factors like water usage and tank size.

Septic systems offer several advantages to both residential and commercial properties, including:

• Durability: Septic systems are made to last. With the right maintenance, they can perform optimally for up to 40 years.

• Freedom: Septic systems are self-contained and aren't affected by community issues like overflows and backups.

• Sustainability: A septic tank uses less energy to break down wastewater and releases it into the soil, converting it into fertilizers.

What Is a Sewer System?

Sewer systems transport wastewater to a municipal treatment plant and directly deliver clean, drinkable water to your property's plumbing fixtures. They have two major components — an upper lateral line that belongs to the property owner and a lower lateral line that's the city's responsibility.

With a sewer system, wastewater travels down your drains into the upper lateral line. Once it reaches the lower lateral line, it merges with the wastewater of other properties and is carried to the municipal treatment facility. Here, it is filtered, purified and released to local waterways, like lakes, rivers or coastal waters.

Sewer systems offer various benefits to property owners, including:

• Heavy usage: Sewer systems are designed to handle heavy water flow and allow you to run multiple plumbing fixtures and appliances at once.

• Minimal maintenance: Sewer systems need less maintenance than septic tanks, running smoothly with regular drainage cleanings.

Sewer System vs. Septic System

The main differences between septic and sewer systems are ownership and maintenance. Property owners can manage any issue with their septic systems, while they depend on the city's response to repair sewer system issues.

While septic tanks require regular maintenance to prevent clogging, they are cost-effective for areas where treatment plants are miles away. Sewer systems require less maintenance but charge usage fees and annual fees similar to utilities. If you pay these fees, that's a sure sign your property relies on a sewer system. Your location is another good indicator since septic systems are much more common in rural areas.

Trust Bolton Septic for Your Septic System's Needs

If you have a septic system, Bolton Septic is your partner for maintenance, repair and emergency support. We have been in business since 1967, partnering with homeowners and businesses from Oakland County to Lenawee. Schedule a cleaning today or call us at 734-508-8985 to learn more about our services.